Paul E. Black, Vadim Okun, and Yaacov Yesha, Mutation Operators for Specifications, 15th Automated Software Engineering Conference (ASE2000), Grenoble, France (September 2000), IEEE Computer Society, pages 81-88.

Abstract:

    Testing has a vital support role in the software engineering process, but developing tests often takes significant resources. A formal specification is a repository of knowledge about a system, and a recent method uses such specifications to automatically generate complete test suites via mutation analysis.

    We define an extensive set of mutation operators for use with this method. We report the results of our theoretical and experimental investigation of the relationships between the classes of faults detected by the various operators. Finally, we recommend sets of mutation operators which yield good test coverage at a reduced cost compared to using all proposed operators.

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